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Albury, Second Lt. Olivi, Major Sweeney Staff Sgt. Buckley, Master Sgt. Kuharek, Sgt. Gallagher, Staff Sgt. DeHart, Sgt. This sporting life. Stage and screen. Birds and the bees. Some original news stories gave the name as The Great Artiste, later discovered to be untrue. Eddie G. Under Sweeney's command, 'Bockscar' took off a little before dawn, from Tinian island in the Marianas with orders to attack the Japanese city of Kokura.

Once over Kokura the attack was aborted due to excessive cloud cover. There was a break in the cloud and the B29's bomb aimer was able to visually acquire the target, Nagasaki. The increasingly critical fuel shortage resulted in the decision by Sweeney and Ashworth to reduce power to conserve fuel and divert to the secondary target, Nagasaki. The approach to Nagasaki twenty minutes later indicated that the heart of the city's downtown was also covered by dense cloud.

Ashworth decided to bomb Nagasaki using radar, but, according to Bockscar's bombardier, Captain Kermit Beahan , a small opening in the clouds at the end of the three-minute bomb run permitted him to identify target features. Bockscar visually dropped Fat Man at local time. The failure to drop Fat Man at the precise bomb aim point caused the atomic blast to be confined to the Urakami Valley.

As a consequence, a major portion of the city was protected by the intervening hills, but even so, The Fat Man was dropped over the city's industrial valley midway between the Mitsubishi Steel and Arms Works in the south and the Mitsubishi-Urakami Ordnance Works in the north. The resulting explosion had a blast yield equivalent to 21 kilotons of TNT, roughly the same as the Trinity blast. Because of the delays in the mission and the inoperative fuel transfer pump, the B did not have sufficient fuel to reach the emergency landing field at Iwo Jima, so Sweeney flew the aircraft to Okinawa.

Arriving there, he circled for 20 minutes trying to contact the control tower for landing clearance, finally concluding that his radio was faulty.

Critically low on fuel, Bockscar barely made it to the runway on Okinawa's Yontan Airfield. The number two engine died from fuel starvation as Bockscar began its final approach.

Touching the runway hard, the heavy B slewed left and towards a row of parked B bombers before the pilots managed to regain control. The B's reversible propellers were insufficient to slow the aircraft adequately, and with both pilots standing on the brakes, Bockscar made a swerving degree turn at the end of the runway to avoid running off the runway.

A second engine died from fuel exhaustion by the time the plane came to a stop. The flight engineer later measured fuel in the tanks and concluded that less than five minutes total remained. Following the mission, there was confusion over the identification of the plane. The first eyewitness account by war correspondent William L. Laurence of the New York Times , who accompanied the mission aboard the aircraft piloted by Bock, reported that Sweeney was leading the mission in The Great Artiste.

However, he also noted its "Victor" number as 77, which was that of Bockscar , writing that several personnel commented that 77 was also the jersey number of the football player Red Grange. Except for Enola Gay , none of the d's Bs had yet had names painted on the noses, a fact which Laurence himself noted in his account, and unaware of the switch in aircraft, Laurence assumed Victor 77 was The Great Artiste.

It was nominally assigned to the Operation Crossroads task force, but there are no records indicating that it deployed for the tests. At Davis-Monthan it was placed on display as the aircraft that bombed Nagasaki, but in the markings of The Great Artiste. The aircraft was flown to the Museum on 26 September , [22] and its original markings were restored.

In , a short documentary was made about Charles Sweeney's recollections of the Nagasaki mission aboard Bockscar , including details of the mission preparation, titled "Nagasaki: The Commander's Voice. Crew C Crew C normally assigned to The Great Artiste : [20] [26]. Also on board were the following additional mission personnel: [20] [27].



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